![]() ![]() Fragipan horizons are almost exclusively associated with the upland Alfisols and Ultisols.Įcological Site Descriptions provide land managers with a necessary and consistent context to evaluate land parcels for their land-use suitability and their capability to respond to different management activities or disturbance processes. The Missouri Ozarks upland and border regions are dominated by Alfisols and Ultisols across the uplands, with Entisols and Inceptisols common in the bottomlands. No fragipans have been documented in thick loess deposits however, some soils developed in thick loess may exhibit fragic properties. Fragipan-bearing soils are common and frequently associated with loess mantles of 1-to-2-meter thickness however, fragipan-bearing soils may occupy landscapes where loess is very thin or absent. Fragipans are considered restrictive horizons that inhibit root penetration and water percolation. Soils with fragipans impose unique influences on landscape hydrology and plant growth. Ecological Site Descriptions associated with fragipan bearing soils are necessary, especially when making land management decisions. Fragipan genesis is evolving however, research involving Ecosystem Site Descriptions are a fusion of a land parcel’s soil properties, vegetational community, hydrology, and climate to guide land management. ![]() The use of gravel as an indicator of parent material differences and its correlation with fragipan development is not perfectly aligned, thus although most fragipans do exhibit a bisequal soil profile, the placement of the lithologic discontinuity is difficult given mass wasting, eluviation-illuviation, side slopes, and other soil processes that contribute to increasing the bulk density and conferring strength. ![]() Consensus is consolidating around the self-weight collapse of loess and residuum after repeated wetting and desiccation. Fragipan bearing soils tend to occur where loess thickness is moderate (1 to 2 meters) or where the soil profile exhibits evidence of mass wasting of weathered limestone residuum. Many Missouri forest soils exhibit fragipans, which influence soil productivity, ecosystem services and land management. ![]()
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